By Amanda Gross
The hair salon was buzzing with customers. The adolescent boys were packing their backpacks for their first hike up Table Mountain. Neighbors gossiped across balconies while watering their plants. Voices echoed off the buildings as the Cape Town Boys Choir warmed up for their weekly rehearsal.
But their town, District Six, was being targeted by the apartheid government, that saw this close-knit community of Malaysians, mixed-race people, European immigrants and people of all religions as threatening to the white regime and its idea of "separate development."
The District Six Museum in Cape Town, South Africa conjures up such images from the neighborhood's glory days -- the 1940s and 50s -- so its visitors can understand the thriving, close-knit dynamic in the long-standing neighborhood of freed slaves, immigrants, artisans, and merchants that was District Six.
The museum also depicts the destruction of this quaint city-side community.
In 1966, the 60,000 residents of District Six started to receive notices on their doorstep, informing them they had been evicted from their home by the government because it had decided that space was to be whites-only. In 1968, those who hadn't moved were forcibly evicted and sent to follow their former neighbors to the Cape Flats, a desolate plain several miles to the northeast, even further away from the convenient access they had to the city and the harbor.
"We had blacks, Indians, Hindus, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese, Christians, Muslims - one big happy family and we proved to the apartheid government that it can work," said Noor Ebrahim, former District Six resident who wrote a book on his life in and out of District Six and now works at the museum. "They didn't like that, and I still believe that was one of the reasons they declared District Six a white area."
The bulldozers and dump trucks started rolling in soon after, and by 1982, the only thing that remained of District Six was a wasteland of bricks and cobblestones.
In 2009, the wasteland remains.
Despite the government's seemingly urgent need to rid the land of its residents in the 1960s, it never actually did anything with the land it snatched from the people.
Renaming the area "Zonnenbloem," the South African government tried to attract developers who could turn the area into a modern suburb. But protests successfully dissuaded them, and the land remained untouched.
The District Six Museum now stands as a memorial to the ex-residents of District Six, as well as a means to educate the rest of its visitors about forced evictions in Cape Town and across South Africa.
The museum is also a part of the initiative to "rebuild" District Six -- literally and psychologically.
A Land Rights Act was passed in 1994 with the "New South African" government offering restitution and reconciliation to those who were dispossessed of land through the racist practices of apartheid.
Former residents can apply for restitution, and many have in an effort to redevelop the site with the past in mind -- rebuilding their past while allowing the space itself to serve as a memorial for the District Six identity.
However, many former residents are hesitant to reopen this closed and sensitive chapter of their past.
The museum aims to work with people directly to "put itself at the heart of the process of reconstruction of District Six and Cape Town through working with the memories and experiences of dispossessed people, " according to its Web site.
Some see the museum's role as a purely educational and historical one in the rebuilding process, providing a "safe place" for ex-residents to mourn and reminisce.
Others, however, want the museum to take a more involved approach to the actual redevelopment of the land. Bonita Bennet, the current director of the museum, sees the museum's role as more involved in the ex-residents' claims to land and claims to their identities that were destroyed by the apartheid regime.
"We continue to draw our inspiration from many sources," she wrote in the museum's annual report for 2007/2008. "And will go on exploring ways of surfacing and combining the many elements that draw us forward."
Remember Dimbaza
Remember Botshabelo/Onverwacht.
South End, East Bank,
Sophiatown, Makuleke, Cato Manor,
Remember District Six.
Remember the racism
Which took away our homes
And our livelihood
And which sought
To steal away our humanity.
Remember also our will to live,
To hold fast to that
Which marks us as human beings:
Our generosity, our love of justice
And our care for each other.
Remember tramway road,
Modderdam, Simonstown
In remembering we do not want
To recreate District Six
But to work with its memory:
Of hurts inflicted and received
Of loss, achievements and of shames.
We wish to remember
So that we can all,
Together and by ourselves,
Rebuild a city
Which belongs to all of us,
In which all of us can live,
Not as races but as people.
-Poem at District Six Museum